ABSTRACT
Background: The gallbladder is a surgically important organ of the body which may be affected by a variety of pathological processes, which are often, under appreciated. It has a wide spectrum of diseases ranging from congenital anomalies, gallstones and its complications, non-inflammatory, inflammatory to the neoplastic lesions. Gallbladder pathology is a frequent source of patient complaint, presenting as acute or chronic right upper quadrant pain, jaundice, or dyspepsia. Gallstones are the commonest pathology of biliary system causing morbidity and mortality. Absolute diagnosis of the premalignant and malignant lesions is possible only after histopathologic examination of the specimen, as pre-operative imaging techniques fail to identify the lesions. Aims and objectives: To study the histomorphology of various gall bladder lesions, to determine the age and sex distribution of the lesions and to ascertain the frequency of abnormalities. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study conducted at Gandhi Hospital, Hyderabad for a period of 1.5 years, i.e. from December 2014 to May 2016. A total of 170 cholecystectomies were received, (including both conventional and laparoscopic types of surgeries) from Department of General Surgery. After gross examination, representative bits were taken and submitted to routine processing, paraffin embedding, cutting and staining. Sections were stained with conventional hematoxylin and eosin and were analyzed. Results: In the present study, various types of lesions were identified and categorized as follows. Congenital anomaly (a single case of Duplication) was noted. Chronic cholecystitis (79), Chronic Cholecystitis with Cholelithiasis (59), Gangrene (13), Gangrene with perforation (3), Empyema (2), Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis (3), Adenomyosis (4), Follicular Cholecystitis (1), N. Sreemani Kumari, Annapurna Sireesha, Shyamala Srujana, O. Shravan Kumar. Cholecystectomies – A 1.5 year histopathological study. IAIM, 2016; 3(9): 134-139. Page 135 Cholesterolosis (1), Eosinophilic Cholecystitis (1), Porcelain gall bladder (1), Mucocele (1), and Carcinoma (1). Conclusion: Biliary disorders affect considerable portion of the population. 90% biliary diseases are attributed to cholecystitis. All cholecystectomies should be subjected to histopathological examination in order not to miss the spectrum of gall bladder lesions and their significance.
ABSTRACT
Background: Soft tissue sarcomas are uncommon malignant mesenchymal tumours, of unknown etiology, accounting for less than 1% of the all the malignant neoplasms, with a median age of occurrence at 65 years, having male preponderance, 3/4th of them occurring in the deep soft tissues, especially thigh, with median diameter of 9 cm. 2/3rd of them metastasizing to the lung. Sarcomas need thorough evaluation by radiology to assess the extent, depth and neurovascular involvement. Morphology has to be correlated with histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Aim: To study the prevalence, in relation to age, sex, site and size. To correlate histopathological findings with immunohistochemistry marker studies at our institution, studying and comparing with changing overviews and evolving literature. Materials and methods: All the soft tissue mass specimens submitted to the Department of Pathology, Gandhi Hospital, Hyderabad, from January 2011 to December 2015, were subjected to routine processing and those cases on histopathology, suspected to be sarcomas were included in the study, analyzed with ancillary techniques to arrive at final diagnosis. Results: A total of 40 sarcomas were encountered out of 20460, histopathology biopsy load at Gandhi Hospital, Hyderabad, constituting an incidence rate of 2%. Majority of the tumours were seen in the age groups of 40-49 years and 60-69 (20% each) with male preponderance (67.5%), occurring mostly in the trunk region (50%), with average size of 10 cm and constituting 0.6% of cancer incidence. Liposarcoma was the commonest soft tissue sarcoma in the present study. Conclusion: Liposarcoma was the commonest soft tissue sarcoma in the present study followed by Undifferentiated Pleomorphic sarcoma and Leiomyosarcoma. Most of the tumors presented with N. Sreemani Kumari, Shyamala Srujana, O. Shravan Kumar. 5 years study of soft tissue sarcomas at Gandhi Hospital, Hyderabad - A tertiary care centre. IAIM, 2016; 3(7): 334-344. Page 335 mass lesion, pressure symptoms and incidentally detected on imageology. FNAC was not very helpful in present study. Prediction of the course of the disease was difficult as most of the patients were referred to cancer institutions in the city, for further management.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Adrenal gland is a bipartite endocrine gland divided into cortex and medulla. As their developments are different, a wide range of tumours are encountered. We have presented here adrenal tumors of varied histomorphology, in one year study from August 2013 to July 2014, at Gandhi Hospital, Hyderabad. Aim and objectives: To study the spectrum of adrenal tumors diagnosed at Gandhi hospital for over a period of one year, correlation with clinical features and an overview of the pit falls encountered. Materials and methods: All the adrenal gland specimens submitted to the Department of Pathology, Gandhi Hospital, Hyderabad, from August 2013 to July 2014 were included in the study. These specimens were subjected to routine processing and ancillary techniques were used to arrive at final diagnosis.